Abstract: Objective: To construct the 24-hour movement recommendations for Chinese children and adolescents through the method of optimal time-use zone, and to verify the effects of the recommendations on children’s physical fitness, mental health and executive function, and then the compliance of 24-hour movement for children and adolescents in China was analyzed by using the recommendations. Methods: A total of 1 736 children and adolescents from Guangzhou, Wuhan, and Changsha, The subjects were randomly divided into a recommendation group and a validation group, and 24-hour movement was measured using an accelerometer. The National Student Physical Fitness Standards (2014 edition) was used to evaluate physical fitness, and a questionnaire was used to evaluate mental and executive function. The optimal duration and zone of 24-hour movement were identified by creating regression models, constructing compositions of 24-hour movement, and predicting outcome variables. A linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between 24-hour movement compliance and outcome indicators. Finally, the compliance rate of 24-hour movement was explored based on the recommendations. Results: Based on the test and survey results of the recommended group, the composition of 24-hour movement was significantly correlated with physical fitness (primary school students: F=11.342, P＜0.05; middle school students: F=15.051, P＜0.001), mental health (primary school students: F=3.613, P＜0.05; middle school students: F=4.315, P＜0.01) and executive function (primary school students: F=4.365, P＜0.01; middle school students: F=6.973, P＜0.001). On the basis of clear relationships, the optimal duration and range of 24-hour movement for primary and middle school students were proposed as follows, MVPA 62 min / 40—70 min, LPA 270 min / 240—310 min, SED 480 min / 420—600 min, SLP 630 min / 520—650 min and MVPA 66 min / 40—80 min, LPA 246 min / 220—290 min, SED 552 min /480—630 min, SLP 576 min / 490—610 min, respectively. Compared with the non-compliant group, children and adolescents who meeting the 24-hour movement recommendations were positively correlated with the physical fitness (primary school students: β=6.17, P＜0.05; middle school students: β=5.32, P＜0.01), and negatively correlated with abnormal mental health (primary school students: β=−0.86, P＜0.05; middle school students: β=−1.04, P＜0.001) and executive function (primary school students: β=−2.12, P＜0.01; middle school students: β=−1.35, P＜0.01). According to the recommendations, only 11.5% and 7.7% of the primary and middle school students in the verification group met the four recommendations for 24-hour movement duration. Conclusion: This study proposed the recommendations of 24-hour movement for Chinese children and adolescents based on physical fitness, mental health and executive function, and verified its scientificity and rationality, which can provide important references for the formulation of 24-hour movement guidelines and developing a healthy lifestyle for Chinese children and adolescents.