Abstract: Circulation and sharing are fundamental pathways for data to create value and a core governance theme, which equally applies to sports data. The professional nature of sports, shaped by data content and application scenarios, generates unique demands: Security risks stemming from pervasive sensitivity and strong personal relevance, the impact of sports autonomy on data rights and interests, and the tension between socialized sharing and private data interests, all necessitating enhanced regulation of sports data. Consequently, “circulation” and “regulation” emerge as dual pillars of sports data governance, forming a dynamic relationship influenced by varying professional contexts. Achieving a balance between circulation and regulation constitutes the central governance challenge. To address this, public law should reconstruct anonymization and authorization mechanisms to ensure data desensitization and strengthen behavioral oversight to safeguard private interests, while private law should promote data agreements to uphold informational autonomy and explore incentive-based mechanisms to encourage sharing. A hybrid governance framework integrating “contractual agreements ＋ statutory rules” under public-private collaboration is essential. Furthermore, a hierarchical classification system should serve as the foundational governance structure, establishing scenario-specific evaluation mechanisms based on professional criteria. This dynamic hierarchical classification system-spanning privacy-sensitive data, professionally classified data, and publicly accessible data-harmonizes circulation and regulation, ensuring coordinated governance.