Abstract: By reviewing relevant studies on the relationship between exercise and restricted/ repetitive behaviors (RRBs) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), this paper aimed to analyze the neurobiological mechanisms of exercise improves RRBs, and then to elaborate the different effects of various variables on RSBs in the ASD population. The results show that exercise intervention can promote striatal synaptic plasticity, activate the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway and to enhance neural circuit balance; inhibit the pro-inflammatory phenotype of microglia, promote the release of anti-inflammatory factors and reduce neuroinflammation; regulate the glutamate-GABA excitatory/inhibitory balance and optimize dopamine and serotonin metabolism; strengthen the functional connectivity of the prefrontal-parietal network and hippocampus-related networks, and improve executive function to indirectly inhibit RSBs. In conclusion, exercise intervention is a comprehensive variable, characterized by the specificity of exercise modes, the divergence-interaction of exercise intervention doses, and the diversity of exercise environments. Future studies should integrate neurophysiological and behavioral indicators to achieve mechanism breakthroughs and program optimization, thereby providing more precise theoretical and practical supports for the management of RRBs in individuals with ASD.