Abstract: Education is the foundation for building a strong nation and national rejuvenation. In the process of nation-building, physical education, as an important component of education, has been assigned new contemporary value and educational expectations in promoting the physical and mental health development of young people. Using methods such as field investigation and logical analysis, this study takes the collaboration of schools, families and society in physical education as the entry point to anchor its contemporary value and logical transformation in the context of nation-building. By conducting a survey of 16 primary and secondary schools in six cities, including Beijing and Changchun, this study analyzes the current issues in the collaboration of school-family-society in physical education, and proposes targeted approaches based on the community theory. From the perspective of building a strong nation, the collaboration between schools, families, and communities in using sports to educate people is an important measure to run a sports cause that satisfies the public and is an inevitable choice to implement the "at least 2 hours of comprehensive daily physical activity" requirement. Its conceptual perspective should shift from a conventional understanding of school education to a broader educational vision, and its organizational structure should evolve from school-centered to a dynamic relationship among multiple stakeholders. However, there are still challenges, including imbalanced positioning of activity fields, lack of extracurricular sports settings, poor transmission of resources, difficulty in forming joint educational efforts, and deviations in sports habits that make it hard to sustain improvements in physical fitness. To address these issues, practical approaches are proposed: Bridging the gaps in school-family-society activity fields and constructing diverse interactive sports settings; precisely addressing shortcomings in school-family-society resources to fully leverage collaborative educational efforts; and establishing a new model for promoting physical health to help sustain improvements in fitness. The aim is to reshape the collaborative model of schools, families, and society in physical education. Based on international practical experience and the realistic need to build a Chinese-style school sports academic system, future efforts should focus on establishing a full-range-driven school-family-society collaboration in physical education, constructing theoretically and methodologically Chinese-specific approaches, and evidence-based practices, to accelerate the integration of theoretical assumptions and practical outcomes for promoting adolescents’ physical and mental health through collaborative school- family- society education through sports.