Abstract: Sirtuins belongs to the family of the silent information regulator 2 proteins (SIR2) that play a critical role in transcriptional silencing.Sirtuins act as metabolic sensors and influence metabolic adaptation but also many other processes such as stress response mechanisms, gene expression, and organismal aging.Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a major mitochondrial deacetylases and plays important roles in regulating mitochondrial metabolism and energy production and has been linked to the beneficial effects of exercise and caloric restriction.The result shows that moderate exercise can increase the content of SIRT3 and further affect the adipose metabolism.At the present, the effect of exercise on SIRT3 in mitochondria of skeletal muscle has drawn the attention of researchers.This paper summarizes the physiological function of SIRT3 and the effects of exercise on SIRT3 in mitochondria of skeletal muscle, which has important significance to investigate the regulatory mechanism of SIRT3 during exercise.