类比学习与外显学习的不同组合方式对不同性质网球技能学习的影响——从闭锁性和开放性技能的视角

Effects of Different Integrations of Analogy and Explicit Learning on Tennis Skills of Different Natures——Fromthe Perspective of Closed Skill and Open Skill

摘要: 采用实验法,探讨类比学习与外显学习的不同组合方式对大学生初学者学习不同性质网球技能的影响。受试被随机分为闭锁性技能任务组和开放性技能任务组,再将两组受试随机分为外显-类比学习组、类比-外显学习组和类比与外显学习同时进行组。以击球准确性、动作评分和有关动作的知识数量为指标,对受试的绩效进行评价。结果显示,学习闭锁性技能时,同时进行组受试的击球准确性、动作评分和动作知识的掌握程度比其他两组好;学习开放性技能时,类比-外显学习组受试的击球准确性、动作评分和动作知识的掌握程度比其他两组好。

Abstract: The synergistic effect of analogy and explicit learning on forehand in tennis novices was investigated in experimental method.Participants were randomly assigned to closed task group and open task group,and further assigned into explicit-analogy group,analogy-explicit group and synchronized group.The dependant variables were the accuracy,gait ratings and the number of explicit rules in the retention and transfer tests.The accuracy and gait ratings of synchronized group were better than those of explicit-analogy group and analogy-explicit group in closed task.The accuracy and gait ratings of analogy-explicit group were better than those of explicit-analogy group and synchronized group in open task.