Abstract: This paper,employing the method of literature review and logical analysis,traces the first step in the evolution of cross-cultural comparison of sport anthropology.The research suggests that the history of sport anthropology is essentially the evolution of cross-cultural comparative studies of sport anthropology.It bourgeoned in the Renaissance when the European began to question the theocracy,and developed during the colonial expansion.During the two world wars,different voices emerged,while some common grounds on the subject were reached.During the post-war period,upon the arrival of globalization,there emerged the trend to organize and institutionalize the varied thoughts into discipline.The research team,pondering every possible methodology in comparative studies,then proposed such principles as Comparability,Unity and Emic and Etic.In terms of methodology,it is agreed that the type comparison,historic comparison and pattern comparison should be concerned at the same time.The researchers are suggested to approach subjects that are in similar forms by studying their geographic features or origin.The paper holds that the historical end of cross-cultural studies is to understand the other culture.