Abstract: From the perspectives of traditional philosophical concepts and physical performances,this article is aimed to review the historical forms of Chinese and Western physical culture.On top of that,this article has also concluded that under the shelter of mind-body dualism and modern civilization,both Chinese and Western countries have neglected the intermediary which carries the spirit and desire the "body".But the "muscle culture" has given rise to the body awareness of western people in the western.While on the other side,the Chinese are still bogged down in the quagmire of "the doctrine of the mean" and "fashion-in".At present,as medicine could hardly resist a variety of emerging infectious diseases,physical training is probably a perfect ways to against bacteria bred and function degradation.Meanwhile,physical training may also provide a perfect approach to stretch bodies and establish positive "body awareness".