Abstract: Objective:In order to improve theoretical structure of physical fitness,this study was to examine whether five-factor's model of physical fitness can be proved by empirical research,and to make analysis on this result.Methods:Based on theoretical model,this study develop test battery containing 19 items to test elderly people aged 60-79,use confirmatory factor analysis to test the data and then make data further analysis and discussion.Results:Regardless of gender,five-factor's model of physical fitness is badly fit,AGFI =0.836,GFI=0.770,RSEMA=0.09 for male and AGFI =0.929,GFI=0.964,RSEMA=0.041 for female.Actual index system designed in accordance with the model contains six factors explained 67.7%(male) and 64.7%(female) of the total variance,which is called for six-factor's model that fit index is AGFI =0.923,GFI=0.892,RSEMA=0.058 in male and AGFI =0.929,GFI=0.964,RSEMA=0.041 in female.Factor loading of six-factor's model in the two groups is basically from 0.6 to 0.9.Conclusion:In the elderly people group,five-factor's theoretical models of physical fitness(growth,physiological functional,physical quality,psychological state and physical adaptation) don't gain the support of empirical research,which is actually six-factor's model(body composition,cardiovascular,strength,physical quality,psychological state and physical adaptation).The general concept of building the model is difficult to obtain empirical data to support,which need to be replaced by specific properties or concepts.