限制运动对腰部椎旁肌横断面积和收缩功能的影响
Effects of Activity Restriction on the Cross-sectional Area and Muscle Contraction Abilities of Lumbar Paraspinal Muscles
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摘要: 目的:研究30天卧床限制运动对受试者腰部椎旁肌横断面积、最大抗阻收缩能力、抗疲劳能力和中枢运动控制效率的影响。方法:14名受试者参加为期30天头低位卧床试验。通过检测腰部椎旁肌横断面积、腰部多裂肌和竖脊肌最大平均肌电值、疲劳试验平均功率频率和重锤试验快速反应时间, 研究限制运动对受试者腰部核心稳定肌形态和收缩功能的影响。结果:30天卧床限制运动可以分别使1) 腰部椎旁肌横断面积对称性明显下降15.11%15.18%;2) 腰部多裂肌和腰部竖脊肌最大随意收缩平均肌电振幅下降36%和47%;3) 腰部多裂肌和腰部竖脊肌疲劳试验过程中肌电平均功率频率下降率提高64%和56%;4) 腰部多裂肌和腰部竖脊肌的快速反应时间延长21%和25%。结论:30天卧床限制运动能够明显减小腰部椎旁肌横断面积、降低腰部多裂肌和腰部竖脊肌的最大抗阻收缩能力和中枢运动控制效率, 其原因可能与神经肌肉运动控制系统的快速适应性变化有关。Abstract: Objective:To observe the effects of 30days head down bed rest (HDBR) on the cross-sectional area and contraction abilities of lumbar paraspinal muscles.Methods:14subjects participated 30days HDBR test.Effects of 30days HDBR on the cross-sectional area and the abilities of maximum contraction, anti-fatigue contraction and central motor control efficiency were studied by measuring lumbar paraspinal cross-sectional area, maximum average electromyography (AEMG) , mean power frequency slope (MPF) in fatigue test and rapid reaction time (RRT) in Ball-hitting test.Results:30days HDBR (1) Decreased lumbar paraspinal muscle cross-sectional area both in left and right side; (2) Decreased maximum voluntary contraction AEMG of LMF and LE by 36% and 47% respectively; (3) Decreased LMF and LE anti-fatigue contraction 64% and 56% respectively; (4) Decreased RRT of LMF and LE 21% and 25% respectively.Conclusion:30days activity restriction could decrease the paraspinal muscle cross-sectional area and reduce the abilities of maximum contraction and central motor control efficiency, the reason of which might be related to the rapid adaptive changes of neuromuscular motor control system to the short-term inactivity.
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