孙杨备战伦敦奥运会转身技术改进与优化的生物力学研究

A Biomechanical Study for Optimizing SUN Yang’s Turning Technique during the Preparation of London Olympic Games

摘要: 孙杨中长距离自由泳2009—2011年重大比赛的转身15m (RTT15) 技术资料显示, 转身技术的改进与优化, 是孙杨备战2012年伦敦奥运会进一步提高成绩的重点技术环节之一。将测力板安装在泳池转身蹬壁处, 在国内首次应用转身蹬壁专项力量水下测量与水下摄像解析同步分析方法, 研究孙杨转身过程的技术特点和存在问题。结果表明, 转身过程团身速度较慢、幅度过小及动作不够连贯协调, 影响蹬壁发力效果, 是孙杨转身技术存在的主要问题。至2012年5月的跟踪研究资料显示, 孙杨团身幅度明显加大、团身速度显著提高、团身至蹬壁发力整个技术动作的连贯协调性明显改进。

Abstract: Data of Sun's 15meter round-trip time (RTT15) from 2009to 2011demonstrated that optimizing turning technique was one of the important aspects to further improve his performance for 2012London Olympic Games.The presented study for the first time in China using underwater force-plate measurement synchronized with video analysis investigated Sun's turning technique features and shortcomings.The results showed that slow tuck;small tuck extent;and incoherent flip effecting the explosive efforts off the wall were the main problems of Sun's flip turning.The follow-up data in May 2012indicated remarkable improvements in tuck extent;tuck speed;and flip coherence in his freestyle turning.