Abstract: Objective:For researching the effects of exercise training on proprioception, invetigating the effects of proprioception characteristics on fine motion of the body, in order to reveal the brain mechanism of proprioception.Methods:Weight difference threshold is measured using the method of constant stimulus, which is used as the evaluation standard of proprioception ability.Forthermore, we use Pearson correlation analysis to study the relationship between proprioception and shooting performance, and under Oddball paradigm to research the effects of proprioceptive differences on brain electrical components and signature.Results:The weight difference threshold of physical education majors and armed police soldiers is less than software colleges.The correlation between proprioception and pistol and machine gun shooting performance is significant (P<0.05) .Somatosensory differences on proprioceptive event related potential (PERP) N100, P180and N250is very significant (P<0.01) , especially on N100and N250.There was no significant effect on the late components of P300 (F=1.657;P = 0.199) , P300is very sensitive to stimulus type.Conclusion:Exercise training can improve proprioception, then, which can improve athletic performance from different aspects, especially some of the requirements of accurate project.The N100and N250components can be used to evaluate the proprioceptive ability.The output of motor command and input of proprioceptive stimulation from sensory nerve can explain the mechanism of proprioceptive.