衰老过程中的运动干预对大鼠学习记忆能力及海马神经粘附分子表达的影响

袁琼嘉; 张金梅; 邓文骞; 王富鸿; 李雪; 王璐

doi:10.16469/j.css.2014.08.001

衰老过程中的运动干预对大鼠学习记忆能力及海马神经粘附分子表达的影响

The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Spatial Learning and Memory Ability and Expression of NCAM in Hippocampus during the Aging Process of Rats

摘要

摘要: 目的:探讨大鼠衰老过程中进行有氧运动干预对其空间学习记忆能力和海马神经黏附分子 (NCAM) 基因表达水平的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠48只, 随机分为3组, 每组16只:生理盐水对照组 (C组) 、D-半乳糖衰老模型组 (D组) 、D-半乳糖致衰老+有氧运动干预组 (DS组) , 进行6周的衰老造模, 之后每组随机分为2个小组:一组自然喂养7天 (N) , 另一组进行7天的Morris水迷宫实验 (M) , 分别记录为CN、DN、DSN、CM、DM和DSM, 每组8只。取材之后, 测定各组大鼠大脑皮质SOD、GSH-PX活性及MDA含量;分别应用Real-time PCR、Western blotting检测各组大鼠海马NCAM基因的表达情况。结果:1) D组大鼠与C组大鼠相比, 出现了嗜睡、毛发严重脱落等明显的衰老症状, 大鼠脑SOD、GSH-PX酶活性显著性下降 (P<0.01) , MDA含量显著性升高 (P<0.01) , 且DN组SOD、GSH-PX酶活性显著性低于DSN组 (P<0.01) , MDA含量高于DSN组 (P<0.05) 。2) Morris水迷宫训练期间各组大鼠第1~6天的潜伏期均呈现下降趋势, 空间探索实验中DSM组大鼠穿越平台次数显著性多于DM组 (P<0.05) 。3) 与C组相比, D组大鼠海马NCAM基因表达水平显著性下调 (P<0.05) , 而DS组大鼠NCAM表达水平较D组显著性上调 (P<0.01) 。结论:1) 衰老过程中的有氧运动干预可以提高大鼠脑SOD、GSH-PX的活性, 抑制MDA的生成, 并且改善大鼠的空间学习记忆能力;2) 运动可能是通过上调NCAM基因的表达影响衰老大鼠的学习记忆能力。

Abstract: Objective:To discuss the effect of aerobic exercise intervention on aging rats, the spatial learning and memory abilities and the expression of Neural cell adhesion molecule in hippocampus.Methods:48male SD rats were divided into 3groups at random:control group (C, n=16) , D-galactose aging model group (D, n=16) and D-galactose to aging + aerobic exercise intervention group (DS, n=16) .After 6weeks, each group were divided into two groups randomly:one group fed naturally (N) , another group underwent Morris water maze experiment (M) for 7days.Whole groups were recorded as:CN (n=8) , DN (n=8) , DSN (n=8) , CM (n=8) , DM (n=8) and DSM (n=8) .At the end of 7th week, all rats were killed and the cerebral cortex SOD, gsh-px and MDA content were tested;The expression of NCAM gene in hippocampus was detected by Real-time PCR and Western blotting.Results:When compared to the rats in group C, which in group D show obvious symptoms of aging, such as depressed, sluggish, sleepiness, serious hair loss and so on.The SOD and gsh-px activity of rat in group D is lower than that of group C (P<0.01) , while MDA content is significantly higher (P<0.01) .However, rats in Group DSN have higher SOD and gsh-px activity (P<0.01) and lower MDA (P<0.05) than that of Group DN.During the period of Morris water maze training, all rats showed a shorter incubation period from day 1to day 6.The number that rats go through the platform in group DSM was significantly more than that of group DM (P<0.05) .The expression of NCAM in hippocampal in group D was very significantly lower than that of group C (P<0.05) , furthermore, the expression of NCAM in hippocampal in group DSM is very significantly higher than group DM (P<0.01) .Conclusion:1) The aging process with aerobic exercise intervention can up-regulate the activity of SOD and gsh-px, meanwhile inhibit the production of MDA;improve the ability of spatial learning and memory of rats;2) The im-58 provement of learning and memory may be associated with up-regulation of NCAM gene expression.

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