单腿落地时优势腿与非优势腿的生物力学偏侧性研究

    Biomechanics Research on Laterality Effect between Dominant and Non-dominant Leg during Single Leg Landing

    • 摘要: 目的:探讨女子足球运动员优势腿和非优势腿单腿落地时下肢之间的差异。方法:15名女子足球运动员在40cm高度完成优势腿单腿落地和非优势腿单腿落地, 同步采集分析落地阶段的下肢运动学、动力学和压心位移等特征的差异。结果:1) 非优势腿单腿落地的髋关节和膝关节在矢状面的屈曲小于优势腿单腿落地 (P<0.01) , 但触地时刻下肢关节角度均无差异;2) 落地阶段, 非优势腿压心的移动大于优势腿 (P<0.05) ;3) 单腿落地时, 优势腿和非优势腿的GRF, 至GRF峰值时间和负载率均无差异。通过GRF和负载率计算的对称指数显示优势腿和非优势腿落地冲击存在偏侧性。结论:女子足球运动员非优势腿与优势腿在单侧落地任务中表现出偏侧性, 提示在单侧、双侧跳跃落地研究和临床研究中, 不能仅选取一侧来代表和评价两侧下肢落地时的损伤风险。另外, 女子足球运动员在单腿落地时, 相比优势腿落地, 非优势腿落地时膝关节和髋关节在矢状面较小的活动范围、落地阶段内外侧方向较大的COP移动以及优势腿近似相同的GRF和冲击率, 会增加女子足球运动员非优势腿参与单侧动态运动时的损伤风险。

       

      Abstract: Objective:To explore the laterality effect between dominant and non-dominant leg during single leg landing.Methods:15female football players were involved in 40 cm dominant and non-dominant single leg landing.3Djoint kinematics, kinetics, GRF, loading rate and center of pressure were collected and analyzed.Result:1) Hip and knee joint angle in sagittal plane were significantly lower than dominant leg (P<0.01) .Lower extremity joint angle are no difference in initial contact;2) Compare to dominant leg, the COP displacement are larger in non-dominant leg (P<0.05) .3) There are no difference between GRF and loading rate but ASI.Conclusions:Female football players' non-dominant leg appears to more“stiffer”landing posture than dominant leg during landing phase.Combining with larger COP displacement in non-dominant leg and equal landing impact to dominant leg.It may increase injury risk during single leg landing.The asymmetry characters during single leg landing suggests that laterality effect in lower extremity might contribute to injury prevention in landing and clinical research.

       

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