Abstract: Critical examinations to the original history were necessary to the validity of the numerous historical hypotheses.Description of Greece of Roman writer Pausanias in 2nd century provided solid but paradoxical ancient sources:women were forbidden from the Olympic arena by its host Elis,however,some type of female still entered and watched the competition in Olympia.The conclusion that those female appeared at Olympia by occasional reasons had few essential connection with the structure of Greek politics was reached on the basis of related historical comparisons and critical analysis.The Greek public space which included the Olympic Games was a privilege which belonged to men in polis.The appearance of female in the Olympia meant nothing to the patriarchal Greek public sport.Therefore,the research was beneficial to the paradigm professionalization and critical to the enhancement of science quality in sport history of China.