基于肌电均方根和包络线的稳定与多级非稳定条件下徒手与负重深蹲的肌电特征研究
Muscle Activation on Stable and Various Unstable Surfaces with Bodyweight and 30%1RM Weight during Deep Squat with Methods of RMS and Linear Envelope
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摘要: 运用肌电图的幅值均方根计算和包络线方法,对19名无专业运动训练经历的健康男性大学生在稳定与不同非稳定条件下的徒手和负重(30%1RM)深蹲,躯干和下肢8块主要参与肌肉的多肌活动进行研究,分析和比较稳定和非稳定之间、不同非稳定之间徒手与负重下蹲与蹲起阶段,肌肉的收缩力值和多肌用力模式的变化。研究结果表明,徒手或30%1RM负重深蹲时,大部分测试肌肉的肌电均方根值和包络线在稳定与非稳定(硬支撑面)条件下,均未发生显著性变化(P>0.05;r>0.5,P<0.01),表明硬支撑面的非稳定训练并不能显著改变肌肉的活性和用力模式。部分肌肉尤其是位于躯干的腹直肌、竖脊肌和小腿的胫骨前肌在稳定和非稳定条件下的均方根值和包络线出现不一致变化,表明在进行变换肌肉工作条件的训练时,不仅要考虑参与肌肉力量活性的变化,也要注意其用力模式的改变。部分肌肉的活性和用力模式对橡胶垫软支撑的非稳定条件显示出显著性变化(P<0.05;r<0.5,P>0.05),表明支撑面的质地会对非稳定训练产生重要影响。在同一稳定或非稳定条件下,与徒手深蹲比较,30%1RM负重使得大部分所测肌肉的均方根值出现显著增加(P<0.05),表明“负重”是提高参与工作肌肉活性的重要因素。Abstract: The purpose of the study was to analyze and compare muscle activaty of leg and trunk muscles during deep squat on stable and various unstable surfaces with the method of RMS value and Linear Envelope for nineteen healthy male volunteers.No difference was in the RMS value and power mode of most selected muscles with bodyweight or 30%1RM weight during stable and unstable platform(hard bearing surface).The RMS value of some selected muscles,such as rectus abdominis,erector spinae,tibialis anterior,in variable condition changed,which differ from power mode.On the rubber disk,which is the soft support surfaces,the RMS value and power mode of some muscles were significantly changed.Most muscle activitation was greater as the external load increased in stable and the same instable state.
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