政策工具视角下美国老年体育政策文本特征分析

    Policies of PA for Older Adults Analysis and Its Characteristics Based on the Perspective of Policy Instruments

    • 摘要: 美国老年体育政策工具是美国政府促进老年体育健康、持续、快速发展而采取的具体手段和方式。通过借鉴Rothwell和Zegveld的政策工具分类, 构建分析框架、编码分类和统计分析等步骤分析美国41个与老年体育紧密相关政策文本。从政策工具X和健康老龄化5大推进主体Y的两个维度进行计量分析, 深入剖析政策工具的选择、组织及其偏向, 并得出美国老年体育政策文本重视个体需求和科研先导、咨询教育全覆盖、兼顾老年异质性的特点;揭示美国老年体育政策制定中忽视地域差异性和资金缺乏持续性的问题, 为我国老年体育政策的制定提供借鉴和参考。

       

      Abstract: Policy instrument in U.S. is the means of facilitating the development of PA for older adults healthily and sustainably. Based on the categories put forward by Rothwell and Zegveld, this paper builds up an analytical framework to textually analyze the 41 policies of PA for older adults by coding classification and statistics from the respects of X and Y dimensions, deeply analyzes the choice, organizations and its bias of policy instruments, and finally put forwards the typical characteristics of policies of PA for older adults in U.S., namely, stressing the individual demands and scientific research transformation, full-range of consultation and education, taking heterogeneity of older adults into consideration, the overlooking of imbalance of geography and the fund unsustainability, which serve as valuable references in development of policies of PA for older adults in China.

       

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