Abstract: Through using the method of literature review, investigation, test and mathematical statistics, based on the characteristics of the competitive ability of the basketball players, taking the age and position as the classification, this paper makes analysis on body shape, physiological function, special ability, mental ability of 889 athletes from our professional basketball talent reserve in 2015-2016, sports schools and 70 sports teams in some provinces.Conclusion:1) re-interpretation of the modern basketball player position of the technology convergence, multiple responsibilities, structural diversification, regional fuzzy phenomenon and development trends 2) Young players' competitive ability structure has a distinctive position characteristics, selection practice should focus on basketball player position classification 3) From the perspective of location to optimize the selection of structural system, so that the talent identification and practice have a better combination.