武术拳种的历史形成及体系化传承研究
Study on the Historical Formation and Systematic Inheritance of Wushu Sorts
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摘要: 为使武术界尽早实现国家层面提出的传承发展中华优秀传统文化的总体目标, 促使传统的中华武术在现代社会继续保持多元共生的文化格局, 主要研究了作为传统武术之基本单位的拳种, 特别是研究了其传承发展体系:1) 传统武术拳种不仅是套路运动形式, 而是一个由诸多环节构成的体系, 技击是其最本源、最核心的追求;2) 武术拳种大致形成于明代, 是在缺乏竞赛 (擂台) 交流机制的情况下, 不同习武者对在技击实践过程中获得的某方面技击体验反复钻研, 将其向纵深发展, 并以之为核心而形成的技术训练和传承体系;3) 对传统武术拳种的当代发展, 应该首先以最本质的技击为纲, 实现体系化传承, 并按照科学化的程序进行传授和训练。Abstract: In order to realizing the goal of inheriting and developing the excellent Chinese traditional culture put forward by nation earlier in Wushu circles and to promote traditional Chinese Wushu to maintain a cultural pattern of multiplex symbiosis in modern society, this paper mainly researches the sorts of traditional Wushu, above all studies its inheritance system.Conclusionsand suggestions are as followed: 1) the sort of traditional Wushu is not only the forms of routines but also a system that consists of many units with the art of attack-defense as the fundamental and core pursuit. 2) Wushu sorts were formed in Min Dynasty. In the absence of skills exchange mechanism such as competition, ring, different Wushu practitioners studied repeatedly from the experience of attack-defense gained in the practical process, and developed their skills in scope and in depth, so as to form some sets of technical training and inheriting system. 3) the contemporary development of traditional Wushu sorts should take the innate attack-defense as the key link to realize the systematic inheritance and to pass on according to scientific procedure.