从“形而上学式”到“历史主义式”体育哲学——始于体育概念无穷性困境的思考
From “Metaphysical” to “Historical” Philosophy of Sport——An Reflection from the Infinite Dilemma of Sport Conception
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摘要: 形而上学式与历史主义式是两种体育哲学样式, 形而上学式体育哲学困于体育概念的无穷性困境, 而历史主义式体育哲学正方兴未艾。以现象学及存在主义的理论剖析体育概念的无穷性困境, 形而上学式体育哲学中存在的逻辑困境得到了纾解, 从中挖掘了历史主义式体育哲学得以构建的体育“他者性”与“注视者”角色两个出发点。在布克哈特、尼采与福柯3位学者的理论襄助下, 体育“他者性”与“注视者”角色在体育的文化属性与身体行为属性中进一步阐发, 形成了历史主义式体育哲学的基本框架与论证结构。历史主义式体育哲学是一种新的体育哲学样式, 既开启了全新的理论探讨模式, 也使体育哲学的发展更为契合当代哲学的发展进程。Abstract: “Metaphysical” and “Historical” are two patterns of philosophy of sport. The metaphysical pattern is trapped in the “Infinite” dilemma of “sport” conception, while the the historical pattern is just ongoing. Whereby the phenomenology and existentialism deconstruct the “Infinite” dilemma of “sport”conception, the logical difficulty of metaphysical pattern is dredged, which leads to uncover two basic characters of “the other” and “observer” in sport that inspires the historical pattern. With the theoretical support from Burckhardt, Nietzsche and Foucault, “the other” and “observer” have got further development in sport as cultural and bodily character, which construct the basic framework and construction of demonstration of historical philosophy of sport. As a hopeful pattern of philosophy of sport, historical pattern inspires fully new theoretical way leading to it more appropriate to the development of contemporary philosophy.