Abstract: In order to enrich the perspective of China's motivation and PE learning effects, this paper systematically reviews the literature related to the theory of self-determination motivation(SDT) and the effect of PE learning between 2000 and 2018, explores the effects of SDT on psychomotor domain, affective domain, and cognitive learning. The results show that: 1) The positive impact of autonomous motivation on the physical activity, enjoyment, effort and engagement, intention to PE or PA has been affirmed; 2)the relationship between autonomous motivation and motor skills and cognitive learning is still unclear, and more research is needed to prove and explore; 3) there is still no consensus on the influence of controlling motivation and amotivation on the learning effects of physical education in all dimensions, and further research is needed to verify. It is suggested that we should strengthen the research on the relationship between autonomous motivation and motor skills and cognitive learning, pay more attention to the influence of controlling motivation and amotivation on the effect of PE learning in all dimensions, increase the proportion of longitudinal research and sequence research, explore the impact of self-determination motivation on the effect of PE learning of different gender, so as to improve the learning effect of PE in primary and middle schools in China.