王俊, 蔡玉军, 陈思同, 马晓然, 徐君. 2020: 不同理论对基本动作技能干预研究的述评、比较与启示. 体育科学, 40(6): 72-82. DOI: 10.16469/j.css.202006009
    引用本文: 王俊, 蔡玉军, 陈思同, 马晓然, 徐君. 2020: 不同理论对基本动作技能干预研究的述评、比较与启示. 体育科学, 40(6): 72-82. DOI: 10.16469/j.css.202006009
    WANG Jun, CAI Yu-jun, CHEN Si-tong, MA Xiao-ran, XU Jun. 2020: Review,Comparison and Enlightenment of Fundamental Movement Skills Intervention Research Based on Different Theories. China Sport Science, 40(6): 72-82. DOI: 10.16469/j.css.202006009
    Citation: WANG Jun, CAI Yu-jun, CHEN Si-tong, MA Xiao-ran, XU Jun. 2020: Review,Comparison and Enlightenment of Fundamental Movement Skills Intervention Research Based on Different Theories. China Sport Science, 40(6): 72-82. DOI: 10.16469/j.css.202006009

    不同理论对基本动作技能干预研究的述评、比较与启示

    Review,Comparison and Enlightenment of Fundamental Movement Skills Intervention Research Based on Different Theories

    • 摘要: 分析国外基本动作技能干预的相关理论,梳理理论的发展历程与应用于基本动作技能干预的情况,并将不同干预研究进行比较。结果表明,动态系统理论因其涉及因素较全面在干预中应用的最为广泛;基于成就目标理论和社会生态学模型的干预效果普遍较好;目标设定理论和能力动机理论侧重个体因素的考量,对外界环境的影响较为忽视,因而较少应用于系统干预研究;虽然各理论间存在一定的联系,但目前多个理论指导干预的研究较少;SKIP、CHAMP和SCORES系统干预研究较多且存在相似性。干预人群主要集中于家庭经济情况较弱、动作发展滞后的儿童,干预内容多为物体控制技能,干预时间为5周~12个月不等,部分干预存在生态学效度较低的问题。建议我国基本动作技能干预研究,扎根于理论的研究并提高对技能练习方法的探究。针对不同年龄、不同特点的儿童,制定适合目标人群基本动作技能发展的干预方案,使已具有较好干预效果的方案更富推广性,提高我国儿童基本动作技能水平。

       

      Abstract: To analyze the relevant theories of fundamental movement skill interventions overseas and illustrate the development history of these theories, and then summarize the application of fundamental movement skill intervention and compare these different intervention studies. It is showed that: Dynamic system theory is the most widely used in interventions because of its comprehensive factors; the effect of interventions based on achievement goal theory and social ecology model is generally better;goal setting theory and competence motivation theory usually focus on individual factors but ignore the external environments,therefore it is less applied to systematic intervention studies. Although there is a certain relationship between various theories, only a few of studies focus on multiple theoretical guidance interventions. Many studies used SKIP, CHAMP and SCORES systematic intervention and the protocols are similar. The intervention population mainly focused on children with low family economic status and lagging behavior; the intervention content is mostly object control skills, and the intervention duration is ranged from 5 weeks to12 months. Among these studies, some interventions had low ecological validity. It is suggested that the theories of fundamental movement skill intervention should be investigated more deeply, and skill practice methods should be improved. The development of fundamental movement skill in children with different ages and characteristics should be developed, thus the certain intervention program will be more popular and that will improve the fundamental movement skill of children in China.

       

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