2022年北京冬奥会造雪关键问题研究

    Research on the Key Problems of Snow Making in Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games

    • 摘要: 结合场地实地特征,通过对可借鉴性雪场的实地调研,在与国内外专家进行研讨及系统分析相关影响因素的基础上,分析2022年北京冬奥会赛区雪道技术标准、保护方案、造雪水系统设计及不同海拔、特殊温度的造雪等问题。研究表明:2022年北京冬奥会滑雪场地类型复杂,具有优势也面临挑战,造雪将受到多种因素影响;造雪设计中,可以先确定累计造雪厚度1 m为滑雪赛道的基础造雪量,再根据不同赛道和需求进行调整,并可以根据造雪指标计算出造雪量与用水量;造雪、保雪过程中需要考虑到极端天气情况,应灵活应用不同保障技术方案,使雪道符合赛事要求;造雪水系统设计则需实现赛区内区域水平衡,可以采取多模式网络化造雪系统,并重视高山造雪的梯度下降;高海拔造雪和囤雪也是赛事的关键性保障。

       

      Abstract: The successful hosting of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games requires correct judgment on key issues such as snowmaking. Based on the site characteristics, the field investigation of reference snowfield, the discussion with domestic and abroad experts and systematic analysis of relevant influencing factors, the study analyzes the technical standards, protection schemes,design of snow-making water system and snow-making at different altitudes and special temperatures in Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. The results show that type of skiing ground of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games is complex, which has advantages and challenges. Snow making will be affected by many factors. In the design of snow making, the accumulated snow making thickness of 1 m can be determined as the basic snow making amount of ski track, and then the snow making amount and water consumption can be calculated according to the snow making index. In the process of snow making and snow protection,extreme weather conditions should be taken into account, and different support technical schemes should be flexibly applied to make the snow track meet the requirements of the event. The design of snow making water system needs to achieve the regional water balance in the competition area. Adopt multi-mode network snow making system, and pay attention to the gradient decline of snow making in high mountains. High altitude snow making and hoarding are also the key guarantee of the event.

       

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