Abstract: Objective: To explore the development status of fundamental motor skill(FMS) of preschool children in rural area of China, and to examine the effect of an eight-week physical activity program on FMS of children based on Newell's Constraints Model. Methods: Taking the preschool children(n=109) in a rural kindergarten in Weifang of Shandong Province as the research object, they are randomly assigned to either the experimental group(n=54) or the control group(n=55). Children in the experimental group participate in the motor skill development course for 8 weeks, while the control group participate in the normal teaching activities in the kindergarten. All the participants are tested on the TGMD-2 before and one week after the program. Results: 1) The baseline Locomotor Subtest and the Object Control Subtest scores of the rural children in this study are significantly lower than the TGMD-2 norms. 2) After an eight-week FMS development program, the GMQ of the experimental group are significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.001). The control group show no significant increase in GMQ from pretest to posttest(P=0.087). 3) Gender has no significant influence on the pedagogical intervention practice(P=0.703). The Locomotor and Object Control scores of the experimental group at posttest are significantly higher than the control group(P<0.001). Conclusions: The rural children are developmentally delayed in the FMS, especially in object control skills. The eight-week FMS program is effective in improving FMS of the rural preschool children.