Abstract: As the world record of speed skating continues to be refreshed, human are gradually approaching the limits of speed on ice, and at the same time urging people to explore the scientific of speed skating. This reviewsis perspectives of the skating technology, physiology, competition, and training of speed skating. The low-sitting skating techniquecan reduce the air resistance.However, the blood flow restriction caused by low-sitting will increase the physiological load. Interms of morphological, speed skaters are similar with normal people, but they have more developed lower limbs and lower body fat. Speed skating has high requirements for athletes' aerobic and anaerobic capacity. Recently, studies on energy contribution of speed skating competitions have showed that previous studies may underestimate the proportion of aerobic energy contributions. Meanwhile, it is found that the ratio of low-intensity aerobic training has been gradually increased over the past decades. In the future, research on the biological profile of speed skating should be strengthened in order to develop scientific training plan for speed skating as referenced.