运动训练学的学科属性和基本定位
The Disciplinary Attribute and Orientation of Sports Training
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摘要: 社会科学、自然科学的范式形态影响着训练理论的发展进路和学界对运动训练学的学科认识。通过分析甄别既往认定的训练学知识类型,并结合训练实践所提供的条件性要素重新考察,发现在科学语境高度泛化的当下,科学名义并不能准确解释运动训练学的真实学科性质。运动训练是以人体运动为核心纽带,面向生活方式整体所实行的、带有特定倾向性的行为筛选和主动调节。运动训练学则是在科学证据、经验判断等知识条件的基础上,围绕运动训练实践提出反思、审视和批判后所凝练出的一系列技术治理理念。支持科学化运动训练并不等同于运动训练学的科学化,面向未来的发展,尝试确立运动训练学作为技术学科的合理性地位、更加实事求是地传播科学精神与技术思维,或将是运动训练领域高质量发展的关键。Abstract: The paradigm of social science and natural science affects the development of training theory and the academic understanding of sports training. By analyzing the types of previous knowledge and combining the conditional elements of training practice, it is found that the name of science cannot accurately explain the real disciplinary nature of sports training under the current highly generalized scientific context. Sports training is a behavior screening and active adjustment with certain tendentiousness for the whole life style. Based on scientific evidence, experience judgment and other knowledge conditions, sports training science in Chinese Context is a series of technocracy concepts condensed after reflection, examination and criticism around sports training practice. Supporting scientific sports training is not the same as make training philosophy discipline scientific. For the future development, more pragmatic dissemination of scientific spirit and technical thinking may be the key to the high quality development of sports training.