服装不同部位面料差异对跳台滑雪飞行阶段气动性能的影响

    Influence of Fabric Differences in Clothing’s Different Parts on Aerodynamic Performance of Ski Jumping during Flight

    • 摘要: 目的:探讨滑雪服四肢和躯干部位搭配不同服装面料对跳台滑雪空中飞行气动性能的影响,助力跳台滑雪高性能服装的制备,提高比赛成绩。方法:采用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)方法,建立了我国某优秀跳台滑雪运动员典型姿势下的三维几何模型与网格模型,调用SST k-ω湍流模型求解RANS方程计算跳台滑雪飞行阶段运动员的气动特征。结果:1)滑雪服四肢和躯干部位在搭配不同面料时的压力分布总体规律基本一致,高压区主要集中在上半身、胯关节、膝关节等部位,肩部最为明显,低压区主要集中在身体侧面;2)无论是哪种搭配组合,在飞行阶段迎流面压力分布均较为集中,当躯干面料为4#、四肢面料选用1#时升阻比可达到最大。结论:1)跳台滑雪服面料差异对跳台滑雪飞行阶段气动特能产生较大影响;2)对该名运动员而言,四肢面料1#搭配躯干面料4#时运动员-滑雪板整体系统飞行阶段气动性能最优,比赛中跳台滑雪服可优选该种服装面料搭配方式;3)采用CFD方法分析服装面料差异对跳台滑雪飞行阶段气动特性的影响能够为跳台滑雪服面料的选材和个性化定制提供有效的辅助支持。

       

      Abstract: Objective: To Investigate the influence of the fabric differences in clothing's different parts on aerodynamic performance of ski jumping during flight, so as to provide reference for the development of high-performance ski jumping clothing. Methods: The three-dimensional geometric model and mesh model of an excellent ski jumper in a typical posture were established using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD). The SST k-ω turbulence model was employed to solve RANS equation and calculate the aerodynamic characteristics of ski jumping during flight. Results: 1) The general law of the pressure distribution was similar on limbs and trunk with different clothing fabrics. The high pressure area was mainly concentrated on the upper body, hip joint, and knee joint, especially on shoulder; while the low pressure area was mainly concentrated on the side of the body. 2) No matter which kind of flight phase combination, the pressure distribution on the upstream side was relatively concentrated. The lift drag ratio could reach the maximum when the trunk's fabric was 4# and the limbs' fabric was 1#. Conclusion: 1) Fabric differences in clothing's different parts has significant impact on the aerodynamic performance during flight. 2) In this study, the aerodynamic performance of Whole Athlete/Skis System was optimal when the trunk's clothing fabric was 4# and the limbs' clothing fabric was 1#, this kind of fabric matching can be used in competitions. 3) The CFD method which was used in this study can provide effective auxiliary support for the selection of clothing materials and personalized customization.

       

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