Abstract: Sports science scale is an important branch of scientific measurement field, the pursuit of the goal lies in its authority, reliability and validity.The measurement theory mainly relates to the classical test theory (referred to as CTT) , generalizability theory (referred to as GT) , item response theory (referred to as IRT) and facet theory (referred to as FT) .Based on the understanding of different measurement theory, the author introduced the dimensions and items, the item analysis, reliability and validity in scale development, explained the advantages and disadvantages of the classical test theory as the theoretical basis of the randomization, also gave main analysis method of the item response theory based on latent trait and function of facet theory based on non quantitative level.Among them, the author specifically focused on how to achieve the best optimization in sports science scale, lists the corresponding cases, and pointed out that, the method of combinatorial optimization was a desirable or worthwhile ideas, also should become one of the important sign of sports science scale gradually moving towards standardized and accurate.