Abstract: Objective:To observe the effects of aerobic exercise and/or resveratrol (Res) on oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction of aorta of obese rats.Methods:Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (NC, n=7) and high-fat goup (H, n=33) .Rats in control group were fed ordinary fodder.Rats from high-fat group were fed high-lipid fodder and became the obesity model after 16 weeks.Then, 33 model rats randomly divided into 4groups, such as the control group (HF, n=8) , model with aerobic exercise group (HE, n=8) , model with resveratrol group (HR, n=8) , model with aerobic exercise combined intervention group (RE, n=9) .Rats were arranged to run on readmill at the speed of 20 m/min, equivalent to 50%VO2max for 1hour per day, 5days per week, 6week.Rats were given a gavage of resveratrol at the dose of 40mg/kg a day, seven days a week.During the experiment, the weight of rats were record three times a week.6 weeks later, TG, TC, HDL, LDL-c, FFA, aortic NO, T-NOS (cNOS, iNOS) , SOD, MDA were determined.eNOS, ET-1were detected by immunohistochemical method.Results:Compared with NC group, weight, TG, TC, LDL-c, FFA, MDA and ET-1levels of rats in HF group were significantly elevated (P<0.01) , HDL-c、SOD activity were significantly lower (P<0.05) ;NO content, eNOS activity, T-NOS activity and cNOS activity significantly decreased (P<0.01) ;compared with HF group, weight, TG, TC, LDL-C, FFA and MDA content, expressions of ET-1, iNOS activity of rats in group HE, HR and RE group significantly decreased respectively (P<0.05or P<0.01) , HDL-c, SOD activity and NO content, positive expressions of eNOS, T-NOS and cNOS activity significantly increased (P<0.05or P<0.01) , especially rats in group RE showed more than that in group HE or HR.Conclusion:Aerobic exercise and/or resveratrol could improve abnormal lipid metabolism, oxidative stress induced endothelial dysfunction of aorta of obese rats, especially the joint intervention was superior to the single intervention.