Tennis Experts’ Anticipation of Spatial Perception Based on Visual Occluded—Evidences from Eye-movements and ERPs

Many studies have shown that there have some differences between expert and novice in sport,one of the critical factors is the ability of spatial perception.Someone proposed that the advantages of spatial perception depended on their strategies of the visual search,which derived from the task structure that was stored in long-term memory system.So,the recall features and spatial perception memory model of tennis experts in the professional situation is the question we want to explore.Experiments based on two spatial occluded-mask occlude and background occluded,asked three groups tennis players to judge the direction of serve from the video,and we recorded the eye movement and ERP data at the same time.Behavior results shown that the degree of interference on the accuracy rate was significantly less in the mask occluded(MO) conditions than in the background occluded(BO),and in the MO,the performance of the expert group was significantly better than the other groups;Eye movement results has shown that,the main areas of visual interest and search order of tennis experts are relatively stable,not changed with the occluded methods;ERP data has shown that,there was observed obvious P2 component in the parietal and occipital area on the experts group,and the amplitude was larger in the MO than in the BO;Experts induced significant LPC in the parietal-occipital area in the MO conditions,and the amplitude was maximum.Our results proved that,tennis experts have special visual-spatial memory characteristics because years of professional training,they anticipate according to the past experience memory;The recall of spatial details was a top-down process,spatial vision controlled by the top-down attention processing,and were affected by the professional levels;In the context of the tennis,the integrity of space information plays a critical role in the cognitive matching and retrieval of memories;Parietal and occipital lobes of the cerebral were very important in the process of perceptual judgment.