Investigation and Analysis of Leisure Sports in a Park from Diachronic and Ecological Points of View

With the theory of ecology and a field investigation of a particular park,this paper studies leisure sports in parks and the leisure ecosystem of a community park,explores the intrinsic operating rules of the park.The result shows that Leisure Ecological System of the Community Park is a compound of human(individual or group)and the environment with specific structure and functions.It can meet people's need in body and spirit.The core connotation of the concept is harmonious symbiosis.The system is mainly composed by the subject of the leisure,the activity of leisure and the environment for leisure.Its basic characteristics includes being based on human,being dominated by leisure activities,the spontaneous formation and systematical development,the dynamic time and space,the interaction of the elements,and the combination of inner and outer regulation.The subject of the artificial regulation is the administrator of the park and its higher-up administration.The basic principles of the artificial regulation are overlapped utilization of resources,the combination of artificial regulation and automatic regulation,reciprocal and symbiosis,interpromotion and inconsistency and so on.This provides a new thought to the management and operation of community parks in China.From the macro-perspective,the government should focus on the multiple utilization of resources and functional interaction to establish a government-led,department-coordinated,citizen-participated cooperational mechanism of an ecologically-managed leisure park.At the medium level,the efficiency of park resources needs to be improved,and the internal and external environments of the parks need to be optimized,which is to enhance the recreational carrying capacity of the system.From the micro-perspective,the service to the leisure subject needs to be strengthened,the system structure and function needs to be controlled,and the diversity of leisure activities needs to be improved.The final goal is to achieve a high level dynamic balance of the system and develop the leisure sports in parks.