The Development of Sports Training in Long-term Plan——From Classical Periodization of Sports Training to“Block”Periodization Training Theory

The “Periodization”of sports training and “Block”periodization training system which set up by Matveyev and Verchoschanskij,the sports scientists of former Soviet Union,in1960s and 1980s respectively are the classic theory for long term sports training planning.It was Matveyev who endows the“Periodization”of Sports Training with the actual content that from the aspects of the long term training for continuous years or whole year for the first time.Matveyev also presented several important rules of sports training,such as different ratio relationship between training volume and training intensity in different training period,and the different arrangement between general sports training and specific training.Based on inheritance and criticism,“Block”training system presented a new sports training system which was different from the traditional“Periodization”theory of sports training.And the main application range of“Block”training system was the sports training of high level players.The “Block”training system inherited the structure and stage division of the traditional“Periodization”of sports training,but obtained the development and innovation in the content.The highly centralized training load during aperiod of time,different conditions development in turn,and the“Trace Effect”of sports training were three important principles of“Block”training system,and also were the major differences compared with the traditional “Periodization”theory.“Block”periodization training system was neither a replacement nor subversion for Matveyev's “Periodization”training system,but a supplement and amendment for “Periodization”training system.The periodization training's system,including the classic and the“block”models,yet can not meet the needs of the contemporary practice of athletic training.The scientific research and demonstration from the biological basis and practical aspects of training will be needed.