The Effect of Swimming Exercise on Inflammation via AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in the Skeletal Muscles of Diabetic Mice

Objective:The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of endurance exercise on inflammatory factors and corresponding signaling pathways AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB in the skeletal muscles of diabetic mice,hoping to provide new evidence for the prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes from the perspective of inflammation of the skeletal muscle.Methods:The diabetic mice were established by feeding with high-fat diet for 4 weeks,and then injected with Streptozotocin.All the mice were randomly chosen and assigned to either control group(C,n=8)or exercise group(E,n=8),diabetic group(D,n=8)or diabetic exercise group(DE,n=8),Groups E and DE were then interfered with 6-week swimming exercise of moderate intensity,one hour per day,five days per week.RT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of TNF-α,CCL2,IL-6,IL-10,AMPKα1,AMPKα2,SIRT1 and NF-κBp65.Western Blotting was used to measure the protein level of AMPK,p-AMPK,SIRT1,NF-кBp65 and AC-NF-кBp65.Results:1)Compared with group C,the weight of mice in group D decreased significantly(P<0.01),meanwhile the fasting blood glucose increased significantly(P<0.01);Compared with group C,the weight of mice in group E decreased significantly(P<0.05);Compared with group D,the fasting blood glucose in group DE decreased significantly(P<0.05);Compared with group E,the weight of mice in group DE decreased significantly,while the fasting blood glucose increased significantly(P<0.01).2)Compared with group C,the IL-10 mRNA expression in group D was decreased significantly(P<0.01);while,the IL-6 mRNA expression in group E was increased significantly(P<0.05);Compared with group D,the TNF-αmRNA in group DE was decreased significantly(P<0.05),the IL-10 mRNA in group DE was increased significantly(P<0.01);Compared with group E,the IL-6 mRNA of group DE was decreased significantly(P<0.05).3)Compared with group C,the protein expression and activity of AMPK were decreased significantly(P<0.05)in group D,while the mRNA of NF-κBp65 was increased significantly(P<0.01)in group D;Compared with group D,the mRNA of AMPKα2 and SIRT1 were increased significantly(P<0.01)in group DE,the protein expression of AMPK、p-AMPK and the activity of AMPK were increased significantly(P<0.05),while the protein expression of NF-κBp65 was decreased significantly(P<0.01);Compared with group E,the mRNA of SIRT1 increased significantly(P<0.01).Conclusions:6 weeks regular swimming exercise can promote the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory factors,while the pro-inflammatory factors were repressed in skeletal muscles of diabetic mice.What's more,exercise can reverse relieve the suppression of AMPK/SIRT1/NF-кB by diabetes.