Historical Review of Wheelchair Racing and Its’ Sport Characteristics

The development history of wheelchair racing has been 68 years since 1948,there are7 medical function classification and 36 competition events in the sport in Para-Olympic Games.Based on domestic and international research papers on wheelchair racing,we summarized the sport characteristics of wheelchair racing.Wheelchair Racing normally involves upper limb,racers' heart rate,blood lactate andVO_2max have great differences due to different degree of disability during the exercise.The improvement of performance influenced by the interaction of pushing economy,efficiency and propulsion technology,and the improvement of wheelchair plays an important role in the promotion of the athletes' performance.Wheelchair Racing is the key project of China in Para-Olympic Games,but in China the scientific research on this sport is relatively backward.Therefore,it is necessary to establish selection,training and monitoring index systems in line with the physiological law of this group in the future.To emphasize wheelchair equipment research and improve propulsion techniques,as well as to highlight the study on the training laws,will promote the competitive level of China's wheelchair racing.