Application of High-Intensity Interval Training and Its Adaption Mechanism

This paper analyzes the origins and development of high-intensity interval training (HIT) and integrates the application of HIT in the general population and elite athletes in recent decades, in order to further elucidate the physiological adaptation mechanism of HIT, which is of great significance to optimize the training of HIT in the general population and elite athletes. The result shows that compared to low-intensity continuous training, HIT can cause the glycolytic enzymes and oxidase activity, the maximum power and maximum oxygen uptake of general population significantly improved, can use more lipids and more Less glycogen, more can increase the rate of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, effectively extend the time to fatigue. For the elite athletes, HIT can significantly improve the sugar oxidation energy supply efficiency, fat oxidation rate and skeletal muscle buffering capacity, which is important for improving sport performance of athletes. The effect of HIT on plasma volume, ejection volume, hemoglobin and muscle fiber type characteristics in elite athletes need further study. Different biochemical and physiological responses to different HIT protocols, as well as the best HIT program for improving athletic performance in elite athletes are still need to be further explored.