New Progress in Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Coupling and Exercise Stress

Various cellular activities depend on the cooperation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.MAMs are special structures that exist between the two organelles, making up of certain protein complex.The integrated structure and normal functioning of MAMs are pre-requisites that biological processes such as mitochondrial dynamics, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress take place as designed.In this review, we will summarize the current progress in research of MAMs, and bring up the idea that Ca²⁺ plays a central role in the regulation of MAMs.The important role that MAMs play in ROS, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, autophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial mobility and inflammation etc.will be summarized.The possible mechanism that exercise regulates MAMs as well as the pathways that MAMs molecules mediate exercise adaptation will be discussed, in the hope of providing insight into the potential directions of future investigations in the field of exercise adaptation.