The Analysis on the Characteristics of Running Motor Development and Teaching Strategy for 3 to 6 Years Old Children

Object:This research analyzed 3-6 years old children running by qualitative and quantitative methods, and discussed 3-6 years old children running motor development characteristics, and analyzed the running teaching strategy, to provide scientific and reasonable reference for children's sports teaching plan. Method:124 children aged 3-6 were selected as the study objects from a kidgarden in Beijing. The running of children was taped by 3D camera and the kinematics parameters of running were obtained by video analytical method. Early childhood's running was evaluated based on the action theory of development sequence. ANOVA was used to analyze the differences of kinematic parameters among development stages. Results:There are primary, intermediate and advanced levels in the development of 3-6 years old children's running, with most of 5-6 years old children in the advanced stage, and more girls than boys. For supporting leg knee Angle and the ratio of the stride to the length of lower limb, young children in the dvanced stage is significantly higher than in the elementary and intermediate stage infants (P< 0.05) . For swinging leg knee Angle, children in elementary and intermediate stages is significantly higher than the advanced stage (P<0.05) . For elbow Angle, the intermediate stage is significantly higher than junior and senior stage (P<0.05) . Conclusion:The characteristics of children's running motor development as follows:the development of running gradually matured, and stride length gradually increased, and supporting leg knee Angle off the ground tended to be fully extended, and swinging leg knee angle decreasesed. Suggestion:In the course of children's running, It is important to strengthen the force of muscle and equilibrium for 3-4 years old children. The 4-5 years old children should be taught to touchdown and leave off the ground by the forepart of feet. The 5-6 years old children should be exercised to improve the arms and legs coordination.It is suggested to enrich the content of activity by changing the direction of movement, the change of the center of gravity, and the aiternation of walk and running. In the implementation of the curriculum in middle and small classes, We should pay attention to situational guidance. In addition, for the development of older children's running, we can choose the equipment such as rope ladder, by extending or evolving its purpose to increase children's interest in sport.