Study on the Protective Effect of Allicin Preconditioning on Myocardial after one Heavy Load Training and Its Mechanism in Rats

Objective:To explore the protective effect of allicin preconditioning on myocardial after one intense heavy load training and its possible mechanism.Methods:48 grown male SD rats were randomly divided into large group P (placebo group) and large group A (allicin group) .Large group P was randomly divided into group P1 (placebo and quiet group) , group P2 (placebo and 1.5 h after exercise group) , group P3 (placebo and 24 h after exercise group) .Large group A was randomly divided into group A1 (allicin and quiet group) , group A2 (allicin and 1.5 h after exercise group) , group A3 (allicin and 24 h after exercise group) .Allicin intervention in the large group A and placebo intervention in the large group P.Then, get rid of group A1 and group P1, other groups to complete the one-time load greater intensity endurance run.The ECG was recorded before exercise and different phase after exercise in rats.Concentration of blood c TnI, CK-MB was detected, myocardium ultrastructure was observed.Myocardial T-AOC, MDA content were detected, and cell membrane Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase, Ca²⁺-ATPase activity were detected.Results:At 1.5 h after exercise, the rats blood cTnI, CK-MB concentration significantly increased, and myocardial ultrastructure appeared abnormal changes, myocardial T-AOC decreased significantly and MDA content increased significantly;Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase activity of cell membrane decreased significantly;the ECG J point and T wave amplitude increased significantly at 30 min~3 h after exercise.At 24 h after exercise, myocardial ultrastructure was repaired.The restore normal ECG, and abnormal changes of the other indicators returned to normal or was improved.In addition, the degree of abnormal changes of these indexes in group P2 were more obvious than in the group A2.In addition, the myocardial T-AOC in group A1 was significantly greater than that in group P1.Conclusion:the myocardial ischemia and ischemic injury occurred after one intense heavy load training in rat.Allicin preconditioning can improve myocardial ischemia after exercise, play a role in myocardial protection;also can improve the myocardial antioxidant capacity, reduce lipid peroxidation after exercise, which may control the decrease of the cell membrane Ca²⁺-ATPase and Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity, play a role in myocardial protection.