The Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Different Modes of Exercise on Carotid A therosclerosis:A Meta-analysis

Objective:The preventive and therapeutic effects of exercise on carotid atherosclerosis were evaluated from three aspects:carotid intima-media thickness(cIMT),flow-mediated dilation(FMD),and carotid pulse wave velocity(cPWV).The beneficial effects of different modes of exercise on carotid atherosclerosis were analyzed to provide evidence-based recommendations for the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases.Methods:With the topic of exercise and carotid atherosclerosis,the randomized controlled trials(RCT)were identified from PubMed,EBSCO host,Cochrane library,Elsevier,Web of Science,CNKI,and Wan fang Database.The methodological quality of the included RCT was assessed by using the Cochrane collaboration's tool for evaluating risk of bias,the heterogeneity analysis and potential publication bias analysis were assessed by using Stata's software.Results:After exercise intervention,the cIMT decreased around 9.32%(WMD=-0.030,95%CI:-0.047~-0.014,P<0.001),the cPWV decreased around 8.26%(WMD=-1.019,95%CI:-1.335~-0.702,P<0.001),and the FMD of the cardiovascular system increased about 34.66%(WMD=1.996,95%CI:1.037~2.956,P<0.001).By comparation,the aerobic exercise is the optimal exercise mode in reducing cIMT,cPWV and increasing FMD.The high-intensity intermittent training and resistance exercise were effectively in reducing cPWV,but had no effect on cIMT.The 8-week aerobic exercise training with an intensity of 50%~70% HRpeak was effectively in reducing cIMT and cPWV,and aerobic exercise lasting10 weeks or more can effectively increase FMD.Conclusion:Exercise expressed some beneficial effects on the prevention and improvement of carotid atherosclerosis,it can significantly reduce the intima-media thickness of carotid artery and carotid pulse wave velocity,and increase blood flow-mediated vasodilation function.Both aerobic exercise and high-intensity intermittent training can improve carotid atherosclerosis,but the effect of aerobic exercise on carotid atherosclerosis is more comprehensive.