Sport-Biological Profile of Short Track Speed Skating

Short track speed skating is a winter sport which has a advantage of achievement in China. However the research on sports biology theory in China is still relatively inadequate. In this paper, the biological characteristics of the project in terms of technology, physical ability, tactics, sports injury and so on are analyzed by consulting the literature. Short-track speed-skating is a kind of race-speed project technical sport. The curve gliding has the characteristics of trunk forward tilt, body introversion, posture squat and flexion, single support longer than double support and right single support longer than left single support. Short track speed skating requires high balance coordination ability; extension of knee joint mainly provides skating power and isometric flexion is mainly used to maintain skating posture; right leg anterior tibial muscle and rectus femoris muscle contribute mostly to vilocity; skating posture and bend technique limit the maximum oxygen uptake level of athletes and cause the difference of blood flow supply and oxygen utilization between left and right legs. Starting position and starting acceleration have a great influence on short distance events. The starting position of the inner track can establish an advantage for the competition. But drafting is more important for long-distance events. It is necessary to adjust the speed according to the change of the opponent. Knee, ankle, waist and thigh are common injury sites.