Progress and Trend of Scientific Training in 100m Sprint——Based on Exercise Physiology and Methodology

The 100 m sprint is the most influential event in the Olympic Games, and the in-depth study of the training progress and trend of world sprint events has important practical significance for improving the scientific training level of sprint in China. Based on the previous research, this study analyzed the training concepts, loads and methods in China and other countries through exercise physiology and training methodology. It is found that, firstly, the muscle power pattern driven by hip extensors and ankle flexors is the focus of sprint training in recent years; secondly, increasing ATP-PCr storage and anaerobic glycolysis energy supply rate are the two main tasks of sprint training; thirdly, strength and explosive power training is the important training part in elite sprinters; lastly,the neuro-muscle mobilization and recruitment characteristics of the sprint and the corresponding energy metabolism process are the key points for the arrangement of training load. Based on the practical demands of preparing for the Olympics, we should comprehensively and deeply understand the current development and trends of sprint training in the world, scientifically explore the special characteristics of sprint, and grasp the training rules and direction from the source. In addition, more basic research should be conducted on the unresolved and controversial issues, so as to establish the scientific sprint training system and improve athletics performance in China.