Risk Factors and Preventive Advices of Acute Mountain Sickness in Highland Trekking——A Empirical Research Based on the Trekking Line of Gongga Mountain

Acute mountain sickness is one of the major risks leading to the accidents in highland trekking. Systematic reviews and field surveys can help to analyze risk factors and sort out risk processes. In this field study, it is found that the natural environment of Gongga Mountain is unpredictable, because of the “closed space”, the trekkers can only rely on the routes of “overlapping trajectories”,which result in a more scientific and reasonable itinerary plan is difficult to be made. In terms of social environment, trekkers lacks the access to professional knowledge and information, and administrators may cannot to restrict trekking areas reasonably, which result in a passive situation in accident rescue. Trekkers tend to assessment their physical condition based on personal experiences and underestimate the risks of highland trekking, their irrational risk perceptions lead them to adopt wrong behaviors. In terms of the agent, the delayed occurrence of risk affects the trekkers' safety status together with other factors. Based on the above discussion, an AMS risk occurrence model in highland trekking composed of antecedents, processes, and results is formed. After the risk factors are stimulated, trekkers should identify and control the development of the disease promptly, and enhancing rescue capabilities can avoid further expansion of accident losses. Suggestions: Build ecological trails to reduce environmental risks; expand education channels to popularize prevention knowledge; establish information platforms to strengthen risk identification; improve rescue systems to provide security.