The Essence and Strategies for Advancing Interdisciplinary Thematic Learning in Physical Education and Health Curriculum at Compulsory Education Stage（Grades 1 to 9）

The essence of interdisciplinary thematic learning in the physical education and health curriculum lies in its focus on a genuine issue within the field of physical education and health as the central design element. This approach places the application of knowledge and skills from the physical education and health curriculum at the core of the learning process, aiming to establish meaningful connections between physical education and health and other subjects in terms of knowledge and skills. Ultimately, it seeks to enhance students' problem-solving abilities and foster core competencies related to physical education and health. During the compulsory education stage, problem-based learning and thematic learning should be the primary methods employed for interdisciplinary thematic learning in the physical education and health curriculum. However, this approach encounters challenges such as difficulties in collaboration between physical education(PE) teachers and teachers from other subjects, the need for improvement in the interdisciplinary teaching skills of PE teachers, and a lack of practical experience in interdisciplinary thematic learning. To address these challenges, it is recommended to establish school-level interdisciplinary teaching research communities and incentive mechanisms to encourage collaboration among teachers from different subjects. Additionally, optimizing the content structure of pre-service PE teacher education programs, emphasizing post-service training, and providing platforms for competitive exchange can enhance the interdisciplinary teaching capabilities of PE teachers. Constructing a PE interdisciplinary thematic learning guidance framework and paying attention to the progress of learning in different subject areas can facilitate the systematic integration of knowledge and skills from various domains. Lastly, expediting the development of an online platform for interdisciplinary thematic teaching resources can provide curriculum resource support to enhance the interdisciplinary teaching capabilities of PE teachers.