Energy Contribution Characteristics in Different Speed Skating Races

Objective: The energy contribution is an important basis for specific characteristics of the sport and formulation of training plans. To explore the energy contribution characteristics of speed skaters in different simulated races, so as to provide reference for formulating training plans and improving sport performance. Methods: Fifteen speed skaters conducted 500 m, 1 000 m, 1500 m and 5 000 m simulated skating races, respectively, the portable gas metabolism analyzer and blood lactate tester were used to measure and analyze the gas metabolism during the whole races and at 6 minutes after races, as well as the blood lactate was tested at before and after races. The contributions of the three energy systems were calculated by anaerobic alactic-anaerobic lactic-oxygen method. Results: With the increase of the skating distance, the total energy, cumulative oxygen uptake and the energy contribution of the aerobic system were increased, and the relative value of total energy was decreased.. According to the regression equation between the relative aerobic energy contribution and the time of maximal skating, the relative aerobic energy contribution of 10 000m skating race was 98.57%, and the critical point of anaerobic and aerobic energy contribution in skating races was 114.14 s, which was higher than that of other sports. Conclusion: The energy contribution characteristics of speed skating are different from other sports, and it is also different among different skating races. Longer distance races increase the total energy demand, and the aerobic energy system provides the mainly energy. It is suggested that the contribution of relative aerobic energy system is underestimated in speed skating, the training plans should be formulated according to the energy contribution characteristics of each skating race, and the proportion of aerobic capacity training should be increased.