Research on the Optimization Mechanism, Acting Mechanisms, and Application of Exercise Performance in Wearable Resistance Training

Wearable resistance training(WRT) refers to attaching “light load” to the trunk and limbs of the body, so as to conduct high-speed resistance training in specific movements. This study reviewed the principles of specific transfer, mechanism on action,and application effects of WRT in sports performance. It is found that: 1) WRT can optimize the factors which affecting the transfer of sports performance, such as lack of speed, limited range of motion, differences in muscle contraction types, and disconnection of competition environment. 2) The mechanism of WRT improving sports performance include moment of inertia, adaptability of nervous system, characteristics of energy metabolism, pre activation effect and personalized adaptation characteristics. 3) In terms of sprint, WRT on arm may improve the characteristics related to stride during sprint; WRT on lower limbs will provide a unique training stimulus, which is generated by increasing the moment of inertia to stimulate the horizontal force; WRT on trunk can provide greater vertical ground reaction force for athletes, make the maximum speed stage more overloaded than the acceleration stage, and improve the ability of maximum sprint speed. 4) WRT has potential advantages in improving speed, explosive force,jumping and direction changing ability. 5) The optimal load in WRT is the upper limb load ≤2.5%BM, the lower limb load ≤5%BM, the trunk load 5%~30%BM. WRT can be considered by coaches as a daily auxiliary training tool with other resistance training, which is expected to improve the performance of periodic and non periodic sports.