Research Progress on Longevity Efficacy and Related Mechanisms Based on Caenorhabditis Elegans Exercise Models

Caenorhabditis elegans（C. elegans）, a nematode with significant genetic homology to humans, offers distinct advantages as a model organism, including ease of manipulation, short life cycle, the availability of clear fluorescence labeling and a wellcharacterized genetic background. Some studies have investigated the relationship between exercise and lifespan by using C. elegans as exercise model. The application of exercise interventions in C. elegans is straightforward, and the intervention methods including neuronal stimulation, burrowing and swimming assays, and physical exercise protocols. The feasibility of novel technologies, such as microfluidics, has also been critically assessed. For the mechanisms, various pathways are summarized in exercise extending lifespan based on current evidence. As a model organism, C. elegans provides a more precise biological analog to human aging than many existing models and uniquely offers direct evidence of transgenerational inheritance. These characterizes of C. elegans facilitates a deeper understanding of the long-term effects of exercise on aging, and presenting a novel experimental platform for investigating the role of physical activity in extending human health span.