Construction and Application of China Sports Lottery Sales Composite Index System at Prefecture-Level Cities

Building on previous research, this study examines 114 prefecture-level cities across seven representative provinces to establish a sales composite index system at prefecture-level for China Sports Lottery. The system evaluates sports lottery sales quality and trends in three key areas: market development, fundraising efficiency, and prefecture-level balance condition. The results have undergone rigorous robustness test. The study reveals that as sports lottery sales performance in prefecture-level cities improves,sales quality has also achieved significant gains across above three areas. The influence of vertical versus tiered management models on lottery sales differs, with the vertical management model showing clear advantages at present. However, several risks warrant attention: Over-development lottery markets in some prefecture-level cites, relatively low fundraising efficiency in most prefecturelevel cities, heightened sales risk in certain province, and an overall suboptimal structure of lottery games. To foster the high-quality development of China Sports Lottery, it is recommended that lottery institutions at all levels adopt and apply the composite sales index system at prefecture-level, optimize the structure of lottery games, mitigate major risks, refine the management models of prefecture-level lottery institutions, enhance cross-regional and cross-sector collaboration, and improve public recognition and reputation of the Sports Lottery.